Background of the Study
Political violence is a pervasive issue in many parts of Nigeria, particularly during election periods, and it has a significant impact on the participation of women in the electoral process. In Yola South Local Government Area, Adamawa State, political violence has been a serious concern, as violent acts often target both male and female political participants, but women are particularly vulnerable (Alhaji & Zubairu, 2023). Women in Yola South have historically been underrepresented in the political arena, and political violence further exacerbates the challenges they face in participating in elections. Violence against women in politics includes physical assaults, verbal abuse, intimidation, and sexual violence, all of which create a hostile environment for female candidates and voters alike (Yakubu & Abdullahi, 2025). As political violence often deters women from running for office or even casting their votes, it creates a significant barrier to women’s full participation in the democratic process. This study aims to investigate the impact of political violence on women’s participation in elections in Yola South, examining how such violence affects their willingness and ability to engage in electoral politics, either as voters or as candidates.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Political violence during elections in Yola South Local Government Area has been shown to have a significant negative impact on women's participation in the political process. Women often face direct and indirect forms of violence, which not only deter them from voting but also discourage them from running for political office. Despite the increasing efforts to enhance women’s political representation, political violence remains a key obstacle that prevents many women from fully engaging in the electoral process (Murtala & Hamza, 2024). This study seeks to explore how political violence affects women’s political participation in Yola South, identifying the types of violence experienced by women and the ways in which it influences their engagement in elections.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
To examine the types of political violence experienced by women during elections in Yola South Local Government Area.
To assess the impact of political violence on women’s decision to vote or run for office in Yola South.
To propose strategies to mitigate the effects of political violence on women’s participation in elections in Yola South.
1.4 Research Questions
What types of political violence do women in Yola South experience during elections?
How does political violence impact women’s decision to participate in elections, either as voters or candidates, in Yola South?
What measures can be taken to reduce the impact of political violence on women’s political participation in Yola South?
1.5 Research Hypothesis
Political violence significantly reduces women’s participation in elections in Yola South Local Government Area.
The impact of political violence on women’s participation in elections is more pronounced for women running for office than for those voting.
Strategies aimed at reducing political violence will increase women’s participation in elections in Yola South.
1.6 Significance of the Study
The findings from this study will provide valuable insights into how political violence affects women's participation in elections, with a focus on Yola South Local Government Area. The research will contribute to policy discussions aimed at protecting women from political violence and ensuring their active participation in the electoral process. It will also provide recommendations for advocacy groups, political parties, and the government to create safer environments for women in politics.
1.7 Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study will focus on Yola South Local Government Area and will assess the impact of political violence on women’s participation in elections. Limitations include challenges in accessing data from victims of political violence due to the sensitive nature of the topic, as well as the potential underreporting of such incidents.
1.8 Operational Definition of Terms
Political Violence: Acts of aggression or intimidation that occur during the political process, aimed at undermining individuals' or groups' participation in elections.
Political Participation: The involvement of individuals in the political process, including voting, campaigning, and running for office.
Gender-based Violence: Violence directed at an individual based on their gender, often involving physical, sexual, or psychological harm.
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